编者：当一只烤鸭从考试楼外的等候，到楼内的等候，再到考场教室的等候，再到听读的洗礼，再到小作文的折磨，终于，ta来到了这一天雅思考试的最后的一个关口-大作文，很多又马不停蹄地开始飙单词。可是殊不知，一部分人在下笔之初就已经开始了快速掉分的进程。对于如何审题，看看考官是怎么说的吧。小编翻译。
In your academic essay, a considerable number of points are available according to how well you answer the question in the title. Therefore, it’s very important to make sure you understand the title fully before you begin. Don’t just find a keyword in the title and start writing. Examine the question carefully first.
在你的雅思大作文写作中，按照你回答题目中所提的问题的优劣程度，有不少得分点你是有机会拿到手的。因此，确保动笔之前已充分理解题目非常重要。不要在题目中找到个关键词就死怼它。
首先仔细审题
You need to consider:
你需要考虑：
1. How many things are you being asked to do?
你被要求做多少事情?
Some essay titles may have two parts, so make sure you address both questions.
有些题目的问题部分有两部分，所以你务必两个问题都要回答。
2. What are the question words in the title?
问题中的疑问词是什么?
Make sure you understand what the question words mean. Here are a few of the commonest question words:
确保你搞清楚了疑问词的意思。下面是一些最为常见的疑问词。
Explain: If you explain something, you give reasons why it happens.
解释：如果要你解释某物，你需要给出它发生的原因。
Discuss: If a question asks you to discuss a statement, you should consider the topic from different, opposing viewpoints. Don’t just write about your own opinion; discuss two or more sides of the argument. Conclude by giving your own point of view, based on the ideas you raised in the essay.
讨论：如果是要求你讨论一种说法，你就需要从不同的相反的角度来考虑这个话题。不要只是谈论你自己的观点;你需要讨论这个说法的两个或者多个方面。在你摆出的各种观点的基础上，用你的观点来做结论。
To what extent…: ‘To what extent…’ means ‘how much…’ These questions often ask you whether or not you agree with a statement, and should be tackled in the same way as a Discuss question.
“多大程度上”的意思是“有多少”。这种类型的题目常常要求你是否同意一个说法。你需要采取和上述“讨论型问题”一样的方式来处理(编者注：即正方观点都要有)
Evaluate/Assess: If you evaluate or assess something, you decide how good it is. The best way to approach this is to examine the good points and then consider the negative aspects. In the conclusion, state how good it is overall.
评价/评估：如果是要你评价某物，你需要来判定它有多好。最好的写作办法是举出它的各种优点，然后考虑消极面。在结论段，总结式的言明它是如何的好。
Illustrate: If you are asked to illustrate something, you need to use examples to support your ideas.
阐释：如果要你阐释某物，你就得用具体例子来支持你的观点。
IELTS academic writing essay topics are very varied. You could be asked about anything from Architecture to Zoology, and you may feel you know nothing at all about the subject. Nevertheless, it is very important that you keep to the topic. Don’t stray onto something else. So, how can you get ideas about a question that you know very little about?
雅思的大作文的话题非常多样。你可能被问到从建筑学到动物学的所有问题，因而你也许会觉得你对某个话题一无所知。然而，非常重要的的是，你得切题。不要跑题跑偏了。所以问题就来了：
如何在对一个话题知之甚少的情况下构建你的idea?
Firstly, divide your essay up into manageable sections. If it is a ‘discuss’ question, these sections will be ‘Agreement with the statement’ and ‘Disagreement with the statement’. If it’s an ‘evaluate’ question, they will be ‘positive aspects’ and ‘negative aspects’.
第一，把你将要写的文章划分为可操控的版块。如果是一个“讨论型”问题，文章可以分为”同意该说法“和”不同意该说法“两部分。如果是一种”评估型“问题，就自然会有”积极面“和”消极面“
Next, spend some time brainstorming. On rough paper, note down any ideas you can think of. If your mind goes blank, try some of these ideas.
接着，话一些时间头脑风暴。在草稿纸上，写下任何你能想到的点子。如果你的大脑一片空白，就尝试一下这些方法：
1. Consider the question from other people’s points of view. What would a parent’s opinion be? What about an elderly person or a teenager? Would a man’s opinion be the same as a woman’s? Would people from different countries have different opinions? How would the point of view of a politician differ from that of a conservationist or a businessperson?
1.从其他人的角度来考虑这个问题。一个父亲的观点会是怎样的?老人的，儿童的呢?男人的观点会和女人的观点一样么?来自不同国家的人的观点会不同么?一个政治家的观点会与一个保守派或商人的观点如何不同?
2. If you’re still stuck for ideas, think about the question from these different angles.
如果你依然一无所获，从这些角度来思考这个问题。=：
The economy: Is the issue expensive to solve? Who will pay for it? Or can this issue make money?
经济：这个问题解决费用很昂贵么?谁来买单?或者说这件事情会带来收益么?
The environment: How will animal life, soil, the air and water supplies be affected by this issue?
环境：这件事情会给动物，土壤，空气，水供应造成各种影响?
Society: How will the issue affect people’s lives, their health and relationships?
社会：这件事会如何影响人们的生活，他们的健康还有人与人之间的关系?
Don’t spend too long brainstorming. You only need two or three ideas for each paragraph. However, it’s worth trying to come up with some examples to support your ideas. Don’t worry, you don’t need to be an expert. You may have read about something in a newspaper, or seen a programme on television which you can use to illustrate your points. Mention people, buildings, places or festivals from your home country. It doesn’t matter whether or not the examiner has heard of them. As long as you describe them fully, the examiner will accept your answer.
不要花太多的时间在头脑风暴上。一段你只需要两三个点子。不过，花时间来想一些支持你的观点的例子还是值得的。不要担心，你不需要表现得像一个专家。你也许在报纸上读过点啥，或者在电视上看过点啥，能够用来阐释你的观点。把你的国家(示例中)的人，场所，地点或日子都讲出来。只要你完整地描述他们，考官会接纳你的答案。
Let’s look at an example:
我们一起来看一个例子：
As computers are being used more and more in education, teachers will soon be unnecessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
随着电脑越来越在教育中得到运用，老师很快将会变得没有存在的必要。在多大的程度上你同意或反对这个观点?
1. Divide your essay in to sections
1.把你的作文分成版块
This is a ‘To what extent…’ question. Therefore it should be divided into two parts: ‘Agreement with the statement’, and ‘Disagreement with the statement’.
这是一种”多大程度上“型的问题。因此作文需要分成两个部分：”同意这个观点的部分“和”不同意这个观点的部分“
2. Brainstorm some ideas:
头脑风暴一些点子
Agreement with the statement:
同意这个观点的部分：
Computers hold more information than a teacher
E.g. the Internet, websites, CD Roms
计算机能比老师掌握更多的信息。
例如：因特网，各种网站，光驱
Lots of activities can be done on a computer
E.g. design software, videos
电脑上可以开展很多的活动
例如：设计，视频
Children have been educated by computers for a long time in isolated places
E.g. central Australia
在一些地方对孩子用计算机开展教育已经进行了很长的时间
例如在澳洲中部
Disagreement with the statement:
不同意这个观点的部分：
Teacher has a role in disciplining children
老师可以管教孩子时
Teacher has a role in encouraging and inspiring children
老师可以鼓励和激发学生
3. You now have a structure for the main body of your essay, and it answers the question perfectly. Now you just need to add an introduction and a conclusion, and write it up!
3.你现在就有了用于主题部分的文章结构了，它可以很好的回答话题中的问题。现在你只是需要加上一个引入部分和结论部分，然后就是把这些都写出来。
