网站导航   4000-006-150  
小站教育
2024年1-4月雅思口语题库
学生选择在小站备考:30天 525028名,今日申请2611人    备考咨询 >>

2018年7月28日雅思阅读机经预测(A类考试适用)

2018年07月17日17:25 来源:小站整理作者:小站雅思编辑
参与(4) 阅读(17428)
摘要:雅思备考冲刺爆款资料,雅思阅读机经一起来了解一下。本机经适用于2018年7月28日场的雅思阅读考试。友情提示:本机经仅供考生备考雅思阅读辅助之用。

暑期雅思考试大军蜂拥而至,考期临近,让2018年7月28日雅思阅读机经预测助你一臂之力。本雅思机经的正确打开方式是:阅读全文,寻找生词,了解雅思阅读文章的相关背景知识。不建议考生背诵相关题目答案,答案仅供参考。

2018年7月28日雅思阅读机经预测(A类考试适用)图1

文章题目

Trade

重复年份

20160109B 20120728

题材

发展史

题型

暂无

文章大意

贸易的发展史,讲了贸易的人的天性以及各地的贸易发展水平和状况。

Basically trade means exchange of goods, services, or both. Trade is also called commerce. The actual face of trade was barter, which was the direct exchange of goods and services. Today traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, like money, which then makes buying separate from selling, or earning. The invention of money has made trade simpler. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade between more than two traders is called multilateral trade.

Trade exists for many reasons. It can be due to specialization and division of labor. Trade exists between regions because different regions have a comparative advantage in the production of some tradable commodity, or because different regions' size helps getting benefits of mass production.

History of Trade:

Trade originated in prehistoric times. It was the main facility of prehistoric people, who bartered goods and services from each other when modern money was never even thought of. Peter Watson dates the history of long-distance commerce from circa 150,000 years ago.

Trade is believed to have taken place throughout much of recorded human history. Materials used for the creation of jewelry were traded with Egypt since 3000 BC. Long-distance trade routes first appeared in the 3rd millennium BC, by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia when they traded with the Harappan civilization of the Indus Valley. Trading is greatly important to the global economy. From the very beginning of Greek civilization to the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century, a financially worthwhile trade brought valuable spice to Europe from the Far East, including China.

The fall of the Roman Empire, and the succeeding Dark Ages brought insecurity to Western Europe and a near end of the trade network. However some trade did occur, the Radhanites were a medieval group of Jewish merchants who traded between the Christians in Europe and the Muslims of the Near East.

The Sogdians ruled the East-West trade route known as the Silk Road from the end 4th century AD to the 8th century AD.

The Vikings and Varangians also traded from the 8th to the 11th century as they sailed from and to Scandinavia. Vikings sailed to Western Europe, while Varangians to Russia.

Vasco da Gama restarted the European Spice trade in 1498. Earlier to his sailing around Africa, the flow of spice into Europe was controlled by Islamic powers, especially Egypt. The spice trade was of major economic importance and helped encourage the Age of Exploration. Spices brought to Europe from distant lands were some of the most valuable commodities for their weight, sometimes rivaling gold.

In the 16th century, Holland was the centre of free trade, imposing no exchange controls, and advocating the free movement of goods.

In 1776, Adam Smith published the paper "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations". This paper criticized Mercantilism, and argued that economic specialization could benefit nations just as much as firms. Since that time the division of labor was restricted by the size of the market, he said that countries having access to larger markets would be able to divide labor more efficiently and thereby become more productive.

The Great Depression was a major economic collapse that ran from 1929 to the late 1930s. There was a great setback in trade and other economic indicators during this period.

The lack of free trade was considered by many as a root cause of the depression. Only during the World War II the recession ended in United States.

2018年7月28日雅思阅读机经预测(A类考试适用)图2


文章题目

The history of Russian Ballet


重复年份

20160114 20150418 20121124


题材

发展史


题型

判断6+填空7


文章大意

芭蕾舞发源于意大利,从17世纪后传入俄国后一直欣欣向荣。出了很多优秀的艺术家和作品,外国舞派也对俄国芭蕾舞发展有着影响。后期以戏剧味发展主流,一直讲到本世纪70年代的发展。


参考阅读:


Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.

Empress Anna, (1730 – 1740) was devoted to ostentatious amusements (balls, fireworks, tableaux), and in the summer of 1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738, he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school, launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia, and winning the patronage of elite families.

France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg (1801-1831), Jules Perrot(1848-1859) and Arthur Saint-Léon (1859-69).

In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive.

One author describes the Imperial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar, and all the dancers were, in a sense, Imperial servants. In the theatre, the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and, out of respect, after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern: first, the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box, then to that of the theater director, and finally to the general public.

文章题目

We have star performers

重复年份

20160114 20121124

题材

商业管理

题型

段落细节配对4+判断4+填空5

文章大意

人才与天赋,讨论人才和选人标准之间的论证。讲公司考核员工主要的依据,talents,文章批判了传统的观点(才能是与生俱来的,是不变的,是需要公司去发现的)。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在,然后分段讲到,才能是随时间变化的,是不能被精确度量的,是可以凭努力换来的。

参考答案:

段落细节配对:

28 One  example from non-commerce/business settings that better system wins bigger  starsF

29 One failed  company that believes stars rather than systemB

30 One  suggestion that author made to acquire employees then to win the competition  nowadaysG

31 One  metaphor to human medical anatomy that illustrates the problems of hiring  stars.C

判断:

32 McKinsey  who wrote The War for Talent had not expected the huge influence made by this  book.NG

33 Economic condition becomes one of the factors which decide whether  or not a country would prefer to hire foreign employees.YES

34 The  collapse of Enron is caused totally by a unfortunate incident instead of  company’s management mistake.NO

35 Football clubs that focus making stars in YES

填空:

An  investigation carried out on 1000 36analystsof a survey by Harvard  Business Review found a company hire a 37starhas negative effects. For instance,  they behave considerably worse in a new team than in the 38working environmentthat they used to be. They move faster than wall street and increase their 39salary. Secondly, they faced rejections or refuse from those 40rivalswithin the team. Lastly, the one who made mistakes had been punished by selling his/her stock share.

文章题目

The influence of social network to people's loneliness

重复年份

20140920 20130622

题材

人文社科

题型

配对6+选择4+判断4

文章大意

社交媒体对人孤独的影响.越来越多的人开始使用社交媒体,有些人认为社交媒体使人变得更加孤独,有些人却不同意。在大学生中做了一个调查,结果表明孤独感与人们花时间在社交媒体上无关。社交媒体会使人变得焦虑,也会让人上瘾。

参考阅读:

Ethan Kross, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, suggests that his recent research shows that online social media use, rather than making us as users feel inter-connected, contributes to overall life dis-satisfaction and loneliness.

This side-effect can have drastic results, considering over 1.1 billion users around the world are linked up on Facebook alone.

The study monitored 82 participants’ feelings and well-being, compared to their social media use, over a long period of time. This kind of LONG TERM comparative research was the first of its kind to be conducted.

The main correlation result was: the more time spent on social media, the less happy you will be over time.

A separate study in 2010 conducted by Carnegie Mellon University discovered that when users are DIRECTLY interacting with social media friends, such as posting pictures and status updates, tagging photos, or liking things, their sociability and well-being increased.

However, the dangerous part of our social media use stems from the time we are passively consuming social media content, which represents a majority of user time spent on these platforms. This passive consumption of other peoples idealized vacations, days off, meals, boyfriends, family, etc. led users to feel lonely and unsatisfied with their own lives, despite how eschewed this perception of others lives ACTUALLY is.

Thus, social media has forced us to face a grave paradox: social media claims to be the platform that can connect users with their friends, family, community and the like within seconds, and this is true; however, never before have we experienced more isolation than we are now as a result. Our obsession with our digital social media lives is beginning to take precedence over our physical, here-and-now lives, resulting in our inability to interact with real people, and enjoy life’s current moments without being distracted by how this will be portrayed on social media.


文章题目

Expert in musician


重复年份

20160130 20140517


题材

人文社科


题型

选择4+判断6+填空4


文章大意

天赋是遗传先天的还是靠练习,主要以音乐为例。讨论坚持不懈对成功的作用和他们的关系。首先探讨了毅力是否是成功的必要条件,并阐述了众多学家就此提出的各类观点。在论证天才是不是也需要坚持不懈时,举例了莫扎特一个人坚持找工作的过程。最后证明了坚持不懈和成功的关系密切。


部分参考答案:

选择:

1. what's the definition of talent in the first paragraph

brain structure different from others

2. what can we learn from violin players?

Not sure the change of brain size is the cause of effect of practice

3.  the result of findings by experts suggest

Talent may have little to do with ....

判断题:

1. ericsson's study has influenced other researchers.NG

2. the other areas have one thing in common.Y

3. whose who becoe world scale practice regularly every day NG

4. anyone who practiced over 10.000 will become a talent N

5. current learning and cognitive skills support the practice theory Y

填空题:

Receive a lot ofpractice from his father. .... first symphony at the age of four....no官方真题Officialpular...but notinherited.

文章题目

Children and robots

重复年份

20160305 20141002

题材

科技

题型

小标题5+配对5+填空3

文章大意

机器人对孩子学习的影响。主要讲到把机器人放在学校可以辅助老师还有陪学生玩,还可以让它们拥有表情促进交流,但是过度使用可能会造成伦理问题,此外还提到了几个科学家和他们的观点。

参考阅读:

Robotics is making inroads into society, not only in factories and industry but also in homes and schools, where social robots are helping children cope better with conditions such as diabetes and autism.

A robot and child

Studies show that interaction with a robot can benefit children with certain medical conditions such as diabetes, as well as autism and other developmental disorders. (Image: ALIZ-E project.)

This week, thousands of people – young and old – are exploring the weirdness and wonders of robotics technology during the European Robotics Week, which is taking place in labs, museums, public squares and schools all over Europe.

But robotics offers more than just show and tell. It can make a real difference in the lives of children who, for example, struggle with diabetes or autism, or need extra help in the classroom.

‘Nao’ the friendly (but not perfect) robot

Recently, scientists showed that social robots can help diabetic children accept the nature of their condition and become more confident about their futures. In the four-and-a-half year ALIZ-E project, a research team led by Plymouth University studied the interactions between hundreds of European children aged 7-11 and a robot prototype called ‘Nao’.

Standing around 60 centimetres tall and featuring specially designed speech recognition software, ‘Nao’ helped the youngsters in keeping a diary of food intake, insulin injections and blood sugar levels. Through quizzes and games it also helped the kids to better understand diabetes and the huge amount of information they are given.

According to ALIZ-E leader Tony Belpaeme, the robot is not just a novelty factor to catch the children’s attention but a tool to engage and motivate them. “In many cases where a child has diabetes, you notice their confidence has been knocked and the robot can help restore that. By personalising its responses and recognising the children it has met before, the robots can support and educate, and we have seen many times the positive impact this is having on children and their families,” Belpaeme says in a Plymouth University news release.

The European Commission-funded study has not only shed light on how children relate to social robots, but also how robots need to be designed to maximise their impact when used for educational or therapeutic purposes.

“The robot needs to personalise what it does.  If it treats children on an individual level, they immediately relate to it – it taps into our primitive need to interact and communicate,” Belpaeme says in the release. “One of the things that does appeal to children is that the robot makes mistakes – if it never did so, it could become intimidating. It does make the child realise they too don’t have to be perfect all of the time.”

Robots to assist autistic children

The researchers also showed the robots have potential to act as classroom assistants helping pupils who may be in danger of falling behind their peers. The team is now exploring additional uses for the robots, for instance to help children on the autistic spectrum.

“Our initial work shows it could have an incredibly positive impact on those children, and given that autism can impact heavily on someone’s ability to communicate and build relationships, we now need to establish why it seems they can relate to a tiny robot. From that, we can explore how widely we can use the robot as a therapeutic tool and can we, in fact, use it to teach about wider social interactions,” Belpaeme says.

As shown in a number of recent reports by the BBC, there is indeed growing evidence that robots can help autistic children not only to learn but also to improve their communication skills.

2018年7月28日雅思阅读机经预测(A类考试适用)图3

文章题目

Typography Introduction of Printed books

重复年份

20160312 20110127

题材

发展史

题型

判断4+填空9

文章大意

活字印刷的历史。两个德国人去Italy的一个地方,后来又搬去了罗马,之后很多商人就开始注意到印刷的潜在经济价值。

参考答案:

判断题:

1. Early books have many errors–F

2.活字印刷里就记得在M**某个地方只有富人才买得起书–T

3.刚开始printing的书,插图illustration–T

4. Business man in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can make moneyF

填空题:

5.类似流程图从上往下一步步说怎么印刷

6-7.Assembling Fonts:sheet of paper

8.第1版是用来更正错误的proof reading

9.types……pages are in right sequence

10.Local newspapers做宣传

11-12.问两种印刷方法的单词:bindingandsimulating

13. They lived very near to the book industry

文章题目

Fluoridation in the water

重复年份

20160312 20140719 20130119

题材

医疗健康

题型

选择题3+判断6+句子填空5

文章大意

本文讲述了氟化物添加对健康影响。对要不要对饮用水进行氟化处理,学者有两派不同的意见。

部分参考答案:

选择题:

1.    How hot is the areaA

2.    People should not be forced to take compulsory medication

3.    To demonstrate that scientists’ finding will be influenced by social factors

判断题:

4.    待补充

5.    Science should not decide policy

6.    Scientific and social factors should be separatedNo

7.    Many sociologist ignore S’s study

8.    S work was not emphasized by sicnetists outside the northern AmericaNG

9.    Both supporters and opponents have made valid argument.YES

填空题:

10.  Science is objective and unbiased

11. Can be affected by social factors

12. Scientific discovery cannot be understood at first

13. Cautious action is not necessary

14. People should have the right to choose

文章题目

Undergraduate students study dramas

重复年份

20160331 20141018

题材

人文社科

题型

暂无

文章大意

文学专业学生的课程指南,提到了让学生观看英国不同时期剧院中的戏剧,并列举了不同时期四种剧院的特点。

参考阅读:

Medieval period

Main article: Medieval theatre

By the medieval period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for their audiences in return for money and hospitality.

Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods

The period known as the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century.

During the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) and then James I (1603–25), in the late 16th and early 17th century, a London-centred culture, that was both courtly and popular, produced great poetry and drama. The English playwrights were intrigued by Italian model: a conspicuous community of Italian actors had settled in London. The linguist and lexicographer John Florio (1553–1625), whose father was Italian, was a royal language tutor at the Court of James I, and a possible friend of and influence on William Shakespeare, had brought much of the Italian language and culture to England. He was also the translator of Montaigne into English. The earliest Elizabethan plays includes Gorboduc (1561) by Sackville and Norton and Thomas Kyd's (1558–94) revenge tragedy The Spanish Tragedy (1592), that influenced Shakespeare's Hamlet.

17th and 18th centuries

Aphra Behn was the first professional English woman playwright.

During the Interregnum 1649—1660, English theatres were kept closed by the Puritans for religious and ideological reasons. When the London theatres opened again with the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, they flourished under the personal interest and support of Charles II. Wide and socially mixed audiences were attracted by topical writing and by the introduction of the first professional actresses (in Shakespeare's time, all female roles had been played by boys). New genres of the Restoration were heroic drama, pathetic drama, and Restoration comedy. Notable heroic tragedies of this period include John Dryden's All for Love (1677) and Aureng-zebe (1675), and Thomas Otway's Venice Preserved (1682). The Restoration plays that have best retained the interest of producers and audiences today are the comedies, such as George Etherege's The Man of Mode (1676), William Wycherley's The Country Wife (1676), John Vanbrugh's The Relapse (1696), and William Congreve's The Way of the World (1700). This period saw the first professional woman playwright, Aphra Behn, author of many comedies including The Rover (1677). Restoration comedy is famous or notorious for its sexual explicitness, a quality encouraged by Charles II (1660–1685) personally and by the rakish aristocratic ethos of his court.

Victorian era

A change came in the Victorian era with a profusion on the London stage of farces, musical burlesques, extravaganzas and comic operas that competed with Shakespeare productions and serious drama by the likes of James Planché and Thomas William Robertson. In 1855, the German Reed Entertainments began a process of elevating the level of (formerly risqué) musical theatre in Britain that culminated in the famous series of comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan and were followed by the 1890s with the first Edwardian musical comedies. W. S. Gilbert and Oscar Wilde were leading poets and dramatists of the late Victorian period.[16] Wilde's plays, in particular, stand apart from the many now forgotten plays of Victorian times and have a much closer relationship to those of the Edwardian dramatists such as Irishman George Bernard Shaw and Norwegian Henrik Ibsen.

以上就是2018年7月28日雅思阅读机经预测,更多雅思考试资讯及相关资料,请持续关注小站雅思频道。

特别申明:本文来自于小站教育【雅思阅读】专栏,转载请以超链接形式标注本文出处,并附上此申明,否则将追究法律责任。
看完仍有疑问?想要更详细的答案?
备考问题一键咨询提分方案
获取专业解答

相关文章

雅思考官Simon写作大小作文9分范文合集(全部100+篇...

专题推荐

小站教育雅思官方群

群号:664063828

「扫二维码 加入群聊」
加入
雅思关键词
版权申明| 隐私保护| 意见反馈| 联系我们| 关于我们| 网站地图| 最新资讯
© 2011-2024 ZHAN.com All Rights Reserved. 沪ICP备13042692号-23 举报电话:4000-006-150
沪公网安备 31010602002658号
增值电信业务经营许可证:沪B2-20180682