【解读雅思小作文难点】当给定两组数据时该如何应对？求同存异

2015年08月06日16:57 来源：小站教育作者：Phoebe

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One of the most common questions I am asked as an IELTS instructor is how to link multiple data sources together. Often, students find it difficult to express the relationship between more than 1 data source. In this article, I am going to offer some insights regarding Task 1 response writing when given more than 1 data source to analyze.

作为一个雅思老师，被问到的一个最为常见的问题是如何把多组数据联系在一起。很多时候，学生发现很难描述多种数据间的关系。在这篇文章中，对于需对多种数据进行分析的的雅思Task1的回应式写作，提供我的一些见解。

To get us started, let’s look at the following example table and graph:

首先，一起看看下面的这组图和表：

When looking at these 2 data sources, a few things should jump out at us. Firstly, according to the table, in 1998 Glasgow had a population that was heavily weighted with people aged between 35 and 64. Many would rightfully call this an aging population. Our graph shows a steady rise in average annual hospital visits between 1980 and 2010. So the obvious link between the 2 data sources is that as Glasgow residents get older, hospital visitation increases.

当看到这两组数据时，有些东西应该引起我们的注意。首先，按照这个表，1998年Glasgow人口中35岁到64岁段人群占很大的比重。很多人会自然地称其为老龄化人口。我们的图中显示，1980到2010年间的每年平均看病次数在稳步提升。所以，两组数据间的显见联系是，随着Glasgow市人口老龄化，看病次数也在增加。

Students rarely have problems making these sorts of connections between data. They do have problems, however, when it comes to relaying this information accurately in writing. So what is the ideal Task 1 structure when you are given multiple data sources?

学生很少会在建立数据间的此类联系时遇到问题。但是他们会遇到难题的，是当需要在写作中将这些信息表达出来。所以，当你碰到了多组数据时，理想的小作文结构是什么?

The best way to respond to a Task 1 question is to allot a paragraph to each data source and an additional paragraph to describing the relationship between them. Thus, in the case of this table and graph, our basic Task 1 writing structure is going to have 3 paragraphs and look like this:

最好的应对小作文的方式是，一组数据写一段，然后额外一段描述他们之间的关系。所以在上述的例子里，我们的作文结构应该是3段式，如下所示：

Paragraph 1 – Analyzing data source 1 (table)

第一段——分析数据1(表)

A sentence describing the first data source and the broad trend it depicts

用1句话描述数据1和它体现出的大体趋势

A sentence outlining the minor and minute details of the data source

用1句话勾画出数据1的细节

Another sentence outlining the minor and minute details of the data source (if needed)

另1句话继续勾画该组数据的细节(如果需要的话)

Paragraph 2 – Analyzing data source 2 (graph)

第二段——分析数据2(图)

A sentence describing the second data source and the broad trend it depicts

用1句话描述数据1和它体现出的大体趋势

A sentence outlining the minor and minute details of the data source

用1句话勾画出数据1的细节

Another sentence outlining the minor and minute details of the data source (if needed)

另1句话继续勾画该组数据的细节(如果需要的话)

Paragraph 3 – Brief description of the relationship between the data types

第三段——简要描述两组数据间的关系

A sentence explaining the relationship between the sources

1句话解释数据间的关系

A sentence for further explanation (if needed)

1句话用于进一步解释(如果需要的话)

A sentence elaborating or commenting on what this relationship means or what perhaps caused it

1句话阐述或评论这种关系的意义或产生的原因

A sentence summarizing, predicting or commenting on the data presented

1句话对整个的数据进行总结预测或者评价

In both paragraph 1 and 2, we are simply going to recite each data source individually, stating precisely what each source shows. In paragraph 3, we interpret the data source relationship.

在第一和第二段中，我们单单只需分别叙述每组数据，准确表达出数据所反映出的东西。在第三段中，我们解读数据间的关系。

So, in the case of our Glasgow example above, we’d write our response something like this:

所以，在上面的Glasgow例子中，应该写成类似以下的文字：

The table presents Glasgow age demographics in 1998 and appears to reveal an aging population within the city. Children and teenage Glasgow residents make up 14 and 12 percent of Glasgow’s overall population respectively. People between 20 and 34 account for 16 percent of the total Glasgow population and this figure grows by increments of 4 percent for the following 2 demographics, those between 35 and 49 and those between 50 and 64. The elderly demographic is equal to that of Glasgow children.

该表呈现了Glasgow1998年的人口的年龄分布统计，似乎揭示了该城市人口的一种老龄化趋势。儿童和青少年分别占总人口的14%和12%。年龄在20到34岁间的占总人口的16%。而34到49岁年龄段和50到64岁年龄段占总人口的百分比，依此有4%的增长(20%，24%)。老年人占总人口的百分比与儿童的相等(14%)。

The chart shows the average annual number of hospital trips a Glasgow person makes. The figures given between 1960 and 1980 appear to only waver slightly, at roughly 2.3 trips per year. However, a steady climb is seen over the next 30 years, with Glasgow people ultimately reaching 3.2 annual hospital visits in 2010.

该图显示了Glasgow人平均的每年上医院次数。1960到1980年间的数据似乎只是轻微变动，大约在每年2.3趟。不过，之后的30年，数据一直在稳定攀升，直到2010年Glasgow人最终达到3.2次/年的上医院频率。

What you can see above is a clear picture of both data sources. By simply reading the description, a person could recreate the table and graph this data comes from.

以上你能看到的是所描绘出的关于两组数据的清晰画面。简单地阅读这一番描述，一个人能够重制出展现这些数据的图与表。

Now to show the relationship between the 2 data sources, we would commence writing our third paragraph:

现在为了展示这两组数据间的关系，我们需要开始第三段：

It is clear when looking at the table and graph comparatively that Glasgow has an aging population and that this is cause for the increased annual hospital visits. It is assumed baby-boomers play cause to this abnormal weighting. As these older Glasgow demographics continue to age, it is expected that the annual number of hospital visits will also rise.

很明显，通过比照着观察该图与表，Glasgow的人口正在老龄化，而这正是平均年上医院次数增加的原因。婴儿潮人群也成文了导致这种异常增加的原因的一部分。随着Glasgow的人口继续老龄化，可以预计，年上医院就医次数还将继续增加。

What you can see here is 3 sentences. The first outlines the nature of the relationship between the 2 data sources. The second provides a quick comment on the possible cause and the third gives a prediction for what the future of the data might look like.

你看到的是3句话。第一句概括两组数据间的关系。第二句明快地评论可能的原因。第三句预测数据的未来走向。

Thus basically our overall response involves 2 paragraphs that present information and 1 paragraph that interprets it. Let’s read through our entire response from start to finish:

所以基本上我们的整个作文包含呈现信息的两段和解读信息的一段。

让我们从头至尾完整读一遍。

The table presents Glasgow age demographics in 1998 and appears to reveal an aging population within the city. Children and teenage Glasgow residents make up 14 and 12 percent of Glasgow’s overall population respectively. People between 20 and 34 account for 16 percent of the total Glasgow population and this figure grows by increments of 4 percent for the next 2 demographics, those between 35 and 49 and those between 50 and 64. The elderly demographic is equal to that of Glasgow children.

The chart shows the average annual number of hospital trips a Glasgow person makes. The figures given between 1960 and 1980 appear to only waver slightly, at roughly 2.3 trips per year. However, a steady climb is seen over the next 30 years, with Glasgow people ultimately reaching 3.2 annual hospital visits in 2010.

It is clear when looking at the table and graph comparatively that Glasgow has an aging population and that this is cause for the increased annual hospital visits. It is assumed baby-boomers play cause to this abnormal weighting. As these older Glasgow demographics continue to age, it is expected that the annual number of hospital visits will also rise.

As you can see, responding to Task 1 questions that pose more than 1 data source are much easier when you employ an effective writing structure.

正如你所看到的，当你能运用一种有效的写作架构时，应对多组数据类型的小作文会容易得多。

Good luck with your exam!

祝考试好运!