雅思常用词汇分类
- 2025年12月10日10:09 来源:小站整理
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雅思核心词汇分类(按高频话题)
1. 教育类
核心名词:curriculum(课程), syllabus(教学大纲), literacy(读写能力), tertiary education(高等教育), vocational training(职业培训), distance learning(远程学习), academic achievement(学术成就), discipline(学科/纪律)
核心动词:acquire(获得), comprehend(理解), cultivate(培养), enlighten(启蒙), excel in(擅长), instill(灌输), motivate(激励)
常用形容词:compulsory/mandatory(强制性的), comprehensive(全面的), theoretical(理论的), practical(实践的), enlightening(有启发性的)
同义替换:
student: undergraduate (本科生), postgraduate (研究生), pupil (中小学生)
teacher: educator, instructor, lecturer, professor
learn: acquire knowledge, absorb information, grasp a concept
2. 科技类
核心名词:breakthrough(突破), innovation(创新), automation(自动化), artificial intelligence (AI)(人工智能), social media(社交媒体), privacy(隐私), convenience(便利)
核心动词:transform(改变), revolutionize(革命化), facilitate(促进), access(访问), store(存储), replace(取代)
常用形容词:cutting-edge(前沿的), user-friendly(用户友好的), pervasive/widespread(普遍的), double-edged(双刃的)
同义替换:
invention: innovation, creation, groundbreaking technology
important: significant, revolutionary, transformative
use: utilize, apply, employ, harness
3. 环境与能源
核心名词:sustainability(可持续性), biodiversity(生物多样性), fossil fuels(化石燃料), renewable energy(可再生能源), carbon emissions(碳排放), deforestation(森林砍伐), ecosystem(生态系统)
核心动词:deteriorate(恶化), preserve/conserve(保护), emit(排放), tackle/address(解决), raise awareness(提高意识)
常用形容词:environmentally friendly/eco-friendly(环保的), sustainable(可持续的), severe(严重的), irreversible(不可逆的)
同义替换:
problem: issue, challenge, crisis, dilemma
protect: preserve, conserve, safeguard
reduce: minimize, mitigate, alleviate
4. 社会与文化
核心名词:globalization(全球化), multiculturalism(多元文化主义), tradition(传统), custom(习俗), identity(身份), integration(融合), discrimination(歧视)
核心动词:assimilate(同化), adapt to(适应), embrace(拥抱), undermine(破坏), inherit(继承)
常用形容词:indigenous(本土的), diverse(多样的), conservative(保守的), mainstream(主流的)
同义替换:
culture: heritage, tradition, custom, way of life
mix: integrate, blend, mingle, assimilate
5. 政府与城市化
核心名词:infrastructure(基础设施), urbanization(城市化), public transport(公共交通), regulation(法规), taxation(税收), expenditure(支出), initiative(倡议)
核心动词:allocate(分配), implement(实施), subsidize(补贴), invest in(投资), impose(征收)
常用形容词:urban(城市的), rural(农村的), metropolitan(大都市的), stringent(严格的), bureaucratic(官僚的)
同义替换:
government: authorities, policymakers, the administration
law/rule: regulation, legislation, policy
6. 工作与经济
核心名词:unemployment(失业), competition(竞争), employee/employer(雇员/雇主), job satisfaction(工作满意度), work-life balance(工作与生活平衡), recession(经济衰退), globalization(全球化)
核心动词:outsource(外包), commute(通勤), resign(辞职), pursue a career(追求事业)
常用形容词:competitive(有竞争力的), demanding(要求高的), lucrative(利润丰厚的), stagnant(停滞的)
同义替换:
job: occupation, profession, career, employment
increase: surge, soar, grow significantly
decrease: decline, drop, plummet
7. 媒体与广告
核心名词:censorship(审查), credibility(可信度), propaganda(宣传), commercial(商业广告), target audience(目标受众), social influencer(社交网络影响者)
核心动词:manipulate(操控), exaggerate(夸大), promote(推广), censor(审查), be exposed to(暴露于)
常用形容词:persuasive(有说服力的), intrusive(侵扰的), informative(信息丰富的), biased(有偏见的)
同义替换:
advertisement: commercial, promotion, marketing campaign
功能性高分词汇(适用于所有话题)
1. 表达趋势与变化
上升:increase, rise, grow, climb, soar, surge
下降:decrease, fall, decline, drop, plummet, plunge
波动:fluctuate, vary
稳定:stabilize, remain stable/constant
达到顶点:peak, reach a peak
跌至谷底:hit a low, bottom out
2. 表达因果关系
导致:lead to, result in, give rise to, contribute to, trigger
由...引起:stem from, result from, be attributed to, be caused by
因此:therefore, consequently, as a result, hence, thus
3. 表达观点与态度
支持:advocate, be in favor of, subscribe to the view that
反对:oppose, object to, be against
认为:argue, contend, believe, hold the view that, assert
中立/平衡:It is a double-edged sword. / The benefits and drawbacks are equally compelling.
4. 连接与逻辑关系
递进:furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides
对比:however, whereas, while, on the contrary, in contrast
举例:for instance, such as, a case in point, to illustrate
总结:in conclusion, to sum up, overall, in a nutshell
学习与使用建议:
主题学习法:按上述话题分类学习,每个话题建立一个自己的“词汇银行”。
学习“搭配”而非单词:永远不要孤立地背单词。记下词组,如 impose a tax, raise awareness, sustainable development。
建立同义网络:将同义词/近义词分组记忆,如上文所示,这是雅思评分的关键。
造句输出:将新学的词汇立即用在写作或口语练习句中,确保会用。
阅读输入:在《剑桥雅思》真题阅读文章和范文中,标记并学习这些主题词汇是如何被使用的。
记住,质量远重于数量。熟练掌握200-300个核心高分词汇及其用法,远比认识5000个单词但不会用要好得多。祝你备考顺利!














